ai-agent-book 精选快照（<2MB 代码与文档，来自 github.com/bojieli/ai-agent-book）
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---
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theme: seriph
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title: "Lesson 35 — Why Does a Voice Agent Feel Slow?"
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info: "English video course for AI Agents in Depth"
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author: Bojie Li
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transition: slide-left
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mdc: true
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lineNumbers: false
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monaco: false
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aspectRatio: 16/9
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canvasWidth: 980
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layout: cover
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class: cover
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---
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<div class="course-kicker">Expand · Chapter 9 · Multimodal Interaction</div>
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# Why Does a Voice Agent Feel Slow?
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<p class="course-subtitle">Cascaded pipelines, latency waterfalls, streaming, and turn detection</p>
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<div class="course-cover-meta">Lesson 35 of 42 · 18 minutes · Voice; Cascaded Pipeline; Full-Chain Streaming; Streaming Voice Perception</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Open with the concrete problem. Add personal context in your own words; do not read the slide. -->
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---
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<div class="course-kicker">Expand · Chapter 9 · Multimodal Interaction</div>
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# Problems this chapter will solve
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<div class="grid grid-cols-3 gap-5 mt-6">
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<div class="course-card blue">
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<h3>Lesson 35</h3>
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<p>Why Does a Voice Agent Feel Slow?</p>
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</div>
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<div class="course-card green">
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<h3>Lesson 36</h3>
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<p>When Should Voice Stop Taking Turns?</p>
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</div>
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<div class="course-card purple">
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<h3>Lesson 37</h3>
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<p>How Does an Agent Act Through Pixels?</p>
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</div>
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<div class="course-card blue">
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<h3>Lesson 38</h3>
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<p>How Does an Agent Turn Plans into Physical Actions?</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Orient viewers to the chapter. Name the progression, then highlight today's first problem. -->
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---
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# Why this problem matters
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<div class="grid grid-cols-3 gap-5 mt-6">
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<div class="course-card blue">
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<h3>Turn detection</h3>
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<p>VAD waits for silence and can cut off a thinking pause.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="course-card green">
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<h3>Serial work</h3>
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<p>ASR, LLM, and TTS latency accumulate when stages wait.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="course-card orange">
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<h3>Queueing</h3>
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<p>High utilization amplifies latency nonlinearly.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Connect each card to a product or experiment consequence. -->
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---
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# Three ideas to keep in view
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<div class="grid grid-cols-3 gap-5 mt-6">
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<div class="course-card purple">
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<h3>Cascaded</h3>
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<p>VAD → ASR → LLM → TTS</p>
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</div>
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<div class="course-card blue">
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<h3>Streaming</h3>
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<p>Emit partial transcripts, tokens, and audio chunks early</p>
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</div>
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<div class="course-card green">
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<h3>Convergence</h3>
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<p>Early recognition is fast but may change as context arrives</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Define unfamiliar terms in plain language; the audience is new to ML training and RL. -->
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---
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# The book's visual model
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<img class="course-figure" src="/images/fig9-2.svg" alt="Latency waterfall for a serial voice pipeline">
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<div class="course-caption">Latency waterfall for a serial voice pipeline</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Trace the diagram in one direction and name the mechanism that matters for this lesson. -->
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---
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# Wait for completion vs. Stream the chain
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<div class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-6 mt-5">
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<div class="course-card orange"><h3>Wait for completion</h3><ul><li>Stable transcript</li><li>Simple control</li><li>Every stage adds delay</li></ul></div>
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<div class="course-card green"><h3>Stream the chain</h3><ul><li>Earlier first audio</li><li>Overlapped work</li><li>Corrections and cancellation required</li></ul></div>
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</div>
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<div class="course-caption course-caption-strong">Streaming changes when information becomes available—not the component boundaries.</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Explain the trade-off; avoid presenting the right column as universally superior. -->
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---
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# Pipeline stages should overlap
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~~~python
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async for partial_text in asr.stream(audio):
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llm.update(partial_text)
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async for sentence in llm.sentences():
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tts.enqueue(sentence)
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if user_interrupts(): cancel_output()
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~~~
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<!-- Presenter cue: Walk through the executable idea line by line; keep implementation details for the terminal. -->
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---
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# Test the claim
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<div class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4 mt-5">
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<div class="course-card blue">
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<div class="course-demo-head"><span>9-1</span><span>1 min</span></div>
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<h3>Preflight a cascaded voice Agent</h3>
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<p><strong>Observe:</strong> VAD model, ASR/LLM/TTS provider configuration, and missing runtime prerequisites</p>
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</div>
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<div class="course-card blue">
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<div class="course-demo-head"><span>9-2</span><span>2 min</span></div>
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<h3>Generate controlled streaming-ASR scenarios</h3>
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<p><strong>Observe:</strong> Normal speech, a 900 ms pause, and background noise under identical source content</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="course-caption course-caption-strong">Demo budget: 3 minutes · one contiguous terminal block</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: State the prediction before running anything. Name the observation that could disconfirm it. -->
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---
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class: course-terminal
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---
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<div class="course-kicker">Live demo</div>
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# Switching to the terminal
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~~~bash
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$ cd chapter9/live-audio/backend && npm run check
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$ cd chapter9/streaming-speech && python prepare_scenarios.py audio/sentence.wav validation/course-scenarios
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~~~
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<div class="course-terminal-watch">Run the command(s), narrate decisions, and point to the observation—not just the output.</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Switch windows now. Return to the next slide after every listed experiment is complete. -->
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---
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# What the evidence supports
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<div class="grid grid-cols-3 gap-5 mt-6">
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<div class="course-card green">
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<h3>Finding 1</h3>
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<p>The silence threshold is both a latency control and a turn-taking assumption.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="course-card blue">
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<h3>Finding 2</h3>
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<p>Streaming hides work behind speech but introduces unstable partial hypotheses.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="course-card purple">
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<h3>Finding 3</h3>
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<p>Time to first useful audio matters more than full-response completion time.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Tie each finding to something viewers just observed; distinguish evidence from interpretation. -->
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---
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layout: center
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---
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<div class="course-kicker course-kicker-red">Where the claim stops</div>
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# Boundary condition
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<div class="course-boundary">A setup check or generated audio scenario verifies wiring and controls—not human conversational quality.</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Say explicitly what this experiment does not establish. -->
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---
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layout: center
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---
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<div class="course-kicker">Engineering takeaway</div>
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# Design rule
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<div class="course-rule">Instrument the latency of every boundary, then stream and overlap only where cancellation and correction are designed.</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Present this as a reusable decision rule, then give one counterexample or trade-off. -->
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---
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# Continue the experiment
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<div class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4 mt-6">
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<a class="course-link" href="../chapter9/phone-agent/">
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<span class="course-link-title">Add-on (historical 9-2): browser WebRTC phone Agent</span>
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<span class="course-link-path">chapter9/phone-agent/</span>
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</a>
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<a class="course-link" href="../chapter9/streaming-speech/run_official_experiment.py">
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<span class="course-link-title">Streaming-speech official runner</span>
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<span class="course-link-path">chapter9/streaming-speech/run_official_experiment.py</span>
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</a>
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<a class="course-link" href="../book-en/images/fig9-1.svg">
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<span class="course-link-title">Serial voice architecture</span>
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<span class="course-link-path">book-en/images/fig9-1.svg</span>
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</a>
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<a class="course-link" href="../book-en/images/fig9-3.svg">
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<span class="course-link-title">Queueing latency</span>
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<span class="course-link-path">book-en/images/fig9-3.svg</span>
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</a>
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</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Point viewers to the companion paths; do not walk through every extension. -->
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---
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layout: center
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class: text-center
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---
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<div class="course-kicker">Pause and apply</div>
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# Your turn
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<div class="course-big course-reflection">Which latency number would best predict whether a user interrupts or abandons your voice Agent?</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Invite viewers to pause the video. Offer your own answer after a short beat. -->
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---
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layout: center
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class: text-center
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---
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<div class="course-kicker">Next · Lesson 36</div>
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<div class="course-next">Remove more boundaries—and decide what fast interaction should do while slow reasoning continues.</div>
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<div class="course-next-arrow">→</div>
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<!-- Presenter cue: Use this transition to make the course feel continuous rather than episodic. -->
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